A magic square is said to be an ultramagic square, if it has the following properties:
Let us take a look at the following magic square of order n=5. You can easily see that this square is pandiagonal, as all rows, columns and diagonals sum to S=65.
1 | 15 | 22 | 18 | 9 |
23 | 19 | 6 | 5 | 12 |
10 | 2 | 13 | 24 | 16 |
14 | 21 | 20 | 7 | 3 |
17 | 8 | 4 | 11 | 25 |
25 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 17 |
3 | 7 | 20 | 21 | 14 |
16 | 24 | 13 | 2 | 10 |
12 | 5 | 6 | 19 | 23 |
9 | 18 | 22 | 15 | 1 |
Now we transform this magic square into its complement and we can see that a rotation with an angle of 180° will produce the original square again. So it is selfcomplement and hence ultramagic.